Colour is applied to fabric by different methods of dyeing for different types of fiber and at different stages of the textile production process. Dyeing can be done during any stage in the textile manufacturing process. Textiles may be dyed as fibre, as yarn, as fabric, as garments, depending upon the type of the fabric or garment being produced.
These techniques include direct dyeing; Stock dyeing; top dyeing; Yarn dyeing; Piece dyeing; Solution pigmenting or dope dyeing; Garment dyeing etc. Of these Direct dyeing plus Yarn Dyeing techniques are the most well known ones.
Direct Dyeing
Whenever a dye is used straight with the cloth without the help of a affixing agent, it’s called direct dyeing. In this way the dyestuff is either fermented (for all-natural dye) or chemically reduced (for artificial vat plus sulfur dyes) before being used. The direct dyes, that are mostly selected for dyeing cotton, are water soluble plus is used straight with the fiber from an aqueous answer. Most different classes of artificial dye, additional than vat plus sulfur dyes, are additionally used inside this method.
Stock Dyeing
Stock dyeing pertains with the dyeing of the materials, or stock, before it is actually spun into yarn. It is completed by placing loose, unspun fibres into big vats containing the dye shower, that is then heated with the right temperature needed for the dye application plus dyeing procedure.
Stock dyeing is generally right for woolen components whenever heather like color effects are desired. Wool fibre dyed black, for illustration, may be mixed plus spun with un-dyed (white) wool fibre with provide soft heather like shade of gray yarn.
Tweed materials with heather like color effects including Harris Tweed are samples of stock dyed information. Other examples include heather like colors inside covert plus woolen cheviot.
Top Dyeing
Top dyeing is additionally the dyeing of the fibre before it happens to be spun into yarn plus serves the same cause because stock dyeing – which is, with make soft, heather like color effects. The expression top pertains with the fibres of wool from that the brief fibres have been removed. Top is therefore choosing extended fibres which are utilized with angle worsted yarn. The top inside the shape of sliver is dyed plus then mixed with additional hues of dyed top with make desired heather shades.
Yarn Dyeing
Yarn dyeing is the dyeing of the yarns before they have been woven or knitted into materials. Yarn dyeing is employed with create interesting checks, stripes plus plaids with different-colored yarns inside the weaving procedure. In yarn dyeing, dyestuff penetrates the materials inside the core of the yarn. There are numerous types of yarn dyeing- Skein (Hank) Dyeing, Package Dyeing, Warp-beam Dyeing, plus Space Dyeing.
A. Skein (Hank) Dyeing
Skein dyeing consists of immersing big, loosely wound hanks (skeins) of yarn into dye vats which are incredibly crafted for this cause. Soft, lofty yarns, like hand knitted yarns are skein dyed. Skein dyeing is the many costly yarn-dye system.
B.Package Dyeing
In package dyeing the yarn is wound about a tiny perforated spool or tube called a package. Many spools fit into the dyeing machine inside that the flow of the dye bathtub alternates within the center with the outside, plus then within the outside with the center of the package. Package dyed yarns never retain the softness plus loftiness which skein-dyed yarns do. These are typically though great plus truly popular for many kinds of yarns which are found inside knitted plus woven materials.
C. Warp Beam Dyeing
Beam dyeing is the much greater variation of package dyeing. An whole warp beam is wound about with a perforated cylinder, that is then located inside the beam dyeing machine, where the flow of the dye bathtub alternate because inside the package dyeing. Beam dyeing is a bit more affordable than skein or package dyeing, nevertheless it happens to be just chosen inside the manufacture of woven materials where an whole warp beam is dyed. Knitted materials, that are largely yielded within the cones of the yarn, are not adaptable with beam dyeing.
Piece Dyeing
The dyeing of fabric following it is very being woven or knitted is well-known as part dyeing. It is the most commonly known way of dyeing employed. The different techniques utilized for this kind of dyeing include jet dyeing. Jig dyeing, pad dyeing plus beam dyeing.
Garment Dyeing
Garment dyeing is the dyeing of the completed garments. The kinds of apparel which is dyed are largely non-tailored plus easier types, including sweaters, sweatshirts, T-shirts, hosiery, plus pantyhose. The impact on sizing, thread, zippers, trims plus snaps need to be considered. Tailored goods, like matches or dresses, can not be dyed because garments considering the difference inside shrinkage of the different components plus linings disort plus misshape the post.
Garment dyeing is completed by placing a appropriate quantity of garments (generally regarding 24 sweaters or the similar, depending found on the weight) into big nylon web bag. The garments are loosely packed. From 10 with 50 of the bags are located inside big tubs containing the dye shower plus kept agitated with a engine – driven paddle inside the dye tub. The machine is properly called a paddle dryer.
